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Food Supplements' Effects On The Body
 Organic compounds that the body needs in
very small amounts for normal growth and maintenance of good health to take
place. They play important metabolic roles. There are two groups of
vitamins, the fat soluble and the water soluble. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are
fat soluble while vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and the vitamin B complex group
are water soluble.
Enter
Your Health Concern
A
25,000 IU 1 a day (see note 3)
Main antioxidant in the
mucous membranes and is a chelator. "Vitamin A and beta carotene caused
remission of precancerous areas called oral leukoplakias and prevented new
lesions from forming." (Vitamin A therapy and Oral Cancer: Sci. News 6-11-88)
Required for many body functions. Enhances immunity to infections including some
forms of cancer and is anti-aging. Some studies have shown an inverse
correlation between retinol, (preformed vitamin A) intake and prostate cancer
particularly among men aged 70 years and older while other studies do not.
Zinc, B Complex, E, calcium, and phosphorus required for assimilation.
Alcoholics have a shortage of this vitamin. Source is fish liver oil. Others
may be toxic. Dosage over 10000 IU per day caused birth defects.27
See note 3.
A ALPHA CAROTENE 25,000 IU 1 or
2 a day +
Reported to be a 10 times
more effective cancer fighter than beta carotene for certain types of cancer.
Mixed palm oil carotenes have best antioxidant activity and consists of 60%
beta, 34% alpha,3% gamma and 3% lycopene. Carotenes from natural sources are
absorbed 4 to 10 times better than synthetic.27 Sources are carrots
and mixed vegetables. Supplements containing mixed carotenes are available in
natural food stores. See lycopene. Cataracts and macular degeneration have
been successfully treated with carotene, and vitamins E and C.25
Eating a lot of carrots or ingesting sufficient carotene to color the skin
slightly orange is well tolerated by the body.25 This may prevent
the development of skin cancer from sunburn damage to the skin.
A BETA CAROTENE 25,000 IU 1 or
2 a day +
Antioxidant and nontoxic
precursor of vitamin A. When combined with vitamin E there is a synergistic
anti-tumor effect. Beta carotene and other carotenoids reported to have
anti-cancer properties not related to vitamin A. Proven in tests to reduce
heart problems by almost 50 percent, boost immunity, and to help prevent
cataracts. Sources are broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, kale,
pumpkin, spinach, squash (Hubbard & butternuts), sweet potatoes, apricots and
others.
ASCORBYL PALMITATE
Fat soluable forms of
vitamin C. They extend vitamin C free radical protection into the fat parts of
the body.20
B-1 THIAMIN 500 mg 1 a day
Required for normal
functioning of the heart, nervous systems, memory, anti-stress, coordination
and is a chelator. Helps prevent constipation. Repels insects. Fever and
physical exercise uses a lot of B-1. Alcohol destroys all B vitamins especially
B-1. Caffeine, sugar, antacids, and aspirin destroys B-1. One quart of coffee
in 3 hours destroys most of the body's B-1. Should be taken with B2, B5, B6,
B12, folic acid and manganese for best utilization. Deficiency of thiamine and
folate leads to DNA changes that have been correlated with cancer. No known
toxicity.
B-2 RIBOFLAVIN 100 mg 1 to 3 a day
Boosts immunity and
reduces risk of cancer and cataracts. Women who take estrogen need to take a
B-2 supplement.6 Aids growth, reproduction, skin, migraine
headaches, nails, hair, vision, alleviates eye fatigue. Sources are milk,
liver, yeast, cheese, leafy green vegetables, fish, and eggs. Destroyed by
alcohol, sulfa drugs, estrogen, light, and alkalies. 3 to 8 grams per day
improved mental function in elderly.27 Non-toxic.
B-3 NIACIN
This form of B-3 is a
vasodilator. Dosage: 100 mg under age 30; 300 mg age 30 to 39; 500 mg age 40
to 49; 1000 mg age 50 and over; taken twice a day after meals. Start with
lesser amount if flushing is objectionable. Converts food to energy, lowers
blood pressure, cholesterol, helps skin, memory and prevents clumping of red
blood cells. May offer some protection against cancer and arthritis. Evidence
of niacin causing a reversal of atherosclerosis has been reported. Alcoholics
have shortage of this vitamin. Reported to be nontoxic up to 3000 mg per day.
Diabetics use with caution. Those who
are prone to attacks of gout should avoid high doses of niacin.6
Do not use delayed or
timed-release form which can cause liver damage.
Those who take statins,
cholesterol-lowering drugs, should not take niacin except under the advice of a
physician.1
B-3 NIACINAMIDE 500 mg 1 or ? a
day
Niacinamide is not a
vasodilator and cannot replace niacin. 3 to 18 grams of niacinamide with a like
amount of ascorbic acid have been used in the treatment of mental disease. It
is an essential part of two important coenzymes which are involved in several
hundred enzyme systems. Used in the treatment of arthritis, diabetes and
hyperactivity.17 Delayed release type may be preferable. No known
toxicity.
B-5 PANTOTHENIC ACID 500 mg 2 + a
day
Antioxidant. Essential
for the conversion of choline to acetylcholine, conversion of fat and sugar to
energy, synthesis of antibodies. Helps counteract allergies and regulate blood
sugar level. Deficiencies related to hypoglycemia, duodenal ulcers, alcoholism,17
peripheral neuritis (inflammation of nerve endings), blood and skin disorders.
1000 mg of B5 and 1000 mg of C with meals, twice a day, cured some allergies.
The pantethine form (300 mg 3 times a day) lowers LDL cholesterol and
triglycerides.27 For rheumatoid arthritis, 2000 mg daily of
pantothenic acid is recommended.27 Destroyed by baking soda. No
known toxicity.
B-6 PYRIDOXINE 200 mg maximum in
divided doses
Riboflavin and magnesium
required for converting pyridoxine to pyridoxal-5-phosphate. Oral supplements
of pyridoxal-5-phosphate are poorly absorbed.27 Enhances the
utilization of zinc and magnesium. Involved in protein, fat and sugar
metabolism, brain functioning, nervous and immune systems and will reduce
allergies when combined with B1 and B2. Prevents platelet clumping, calcium
deposits, kidney stones, and gallstones. B-6 is a co-factor in the enzyme for
cross-linking of collagen strands which increase the strength of connective
tissue and bones.27 It is also a co-factor for the conversion of
amino acids tryptophan to serotonin and phenylalanine to norepinephrine, two
neurotransmitters. Deficiency may result in carpal tunnel syndrome,
osteoporosis and is a causative factor in asthma, arthritis, anemia, seborrheic
dermatitis, glossitis, night leg cramps, arterial plaques and hand numbness.
Homocysteinia is caused by deficiency of pyridoxine, cobalamin, and folate.
Deficiency common in heavy drinkers and users of oral contraceptives.17, 27
Sources are brewer's yeast, wheat bran, wheat germ, liver, cantaloupe, cabbage,
blackstrap molasses, milk, eggs, and beef. See folic acid.
B-12 METHYLCOBALAMIN 500 mcg 1 or
? a day
Required for fat and
carbohydrate metabolism and formation of blood cells. Deficiency results in
mental confusion, anemia, homocystenia, brain damage, tinnitus, asthma, and
depression. May benefit multiple sclerosis patients. Deficiency is widespread
in people over sixty years of age. Blood test to determine B-12 level is
recommended. Alcohol, estrogen, oral contraceptives, sleeping pills interfere
with utilization. Natural sources are liver, beef, pork, eggs, milk, and
cheese, except where soil is deficient in cobalt.19 Needs calcium
for absorption. Microwave cooking destroys B-12. In a study of 64 patients
taking 500 mcg of oral B-12 daily the lowest absorption rate was 1.8 mcg. Since
this is less than the 2 mcg daily requirement a 500 mcg dosage would be
insufficient for some. In most cases the mean absorption rate is 1.2 percent of
intake. No known toxicity.27 For more information see "Oral
Cobalamin for Pernicious Anemia, Medicine's Best Kept Secret", an editorial in
the January 2, 1991 edition of the Journal of The American Medical Association.
B-13 ORTIC ACID
Reported to be of value
in preventing certain liver problems, premature aging, and in treatment of
multiple sclerosis. Sources are root vegetables and whey. Available as calcium
orotate.
BIOTIN 300 mcg a day
A B vitamin synthesized
by intestinal bacteria and readily available from nuts, fruit, brewers yeast,
liver, mushrooms, milk, brown rice and egg yolk. Enhances insulin sensitivity.
Deficiencies related to increased cholesterol, skin eruptions, hair loss,
graying hair, depression, anemia, insomnia, muscle pain, and weak nails.
Supplements not normally required. No known toxicity. 1000 to 3000 mcg per day
used to treat hair and nail problems. 3000 mcg taken twice daily by nursing
mothers for treatment of cradle cap.27
C
1000 mg 4 to 20 + a day
Chelator and main
antioxidant in the blood. It completely protects blood fats against peroxyl
free radical attack. It is the only antioxidant that can do this in the blood.
Enhances the body's defense and healing mechanism, increases strength of scar
tissue, reduces allergies, blood pressure and the effects of physical and mental
stress, increases HDL/LDL ratio, and the production of collagen, lowers
nitrosamines, blood clots, aids absorption of iron.
Protects liver from viral
and bacterial infection. Stimulates the adrenal glands to form hormones such as
cortisone, a natural anti-inflammatory substance, and epinephrine, a nerve
stimulant. Prevents many cancers, arthritis, scurvy, cataracts, glaucoma,
macular degeneration, periodontal disease and some degenerative diseases of the
brain.
Several reports claimed
that cancer can be cured by large doses of vitamin C taken either orally or
intravenously. The collagen produced by vitamin C may encapsulate the tumor
preventing its growth. Copper may also assist in the destruction of cancer
cells. A gram of vitamin C per day lowers serum cholesterol by about 43 mg per
deciliter16 and a second gram will remove the guilt feeling and
cholesterol that accompanies a five-egg omelet. Deficiency deters liver from
converting cholesterol to bile. Destroyed by heat, alcohol, smoking, aspirin,
estrogen, and oral contraceptives.
For some, the ascorbate
form of vitamin C may be better tolerated than ascorbic acid. Requires B6, B12,
zinc, folic acid, choline and flavonoids for utilization. A correlation between
low levels of ascorbic acid and high blood pressure has been reported. See
lysine.
Excess vitamin C may have
a laxative effect. When this point is reached the dosage can be reduced
slightly and later the dosage can be increased. Others report that the laxative
effect is temporary. It has been reported that the bowel-tolerance limit was
more than 200 grams per day for severely ill patients. The body's requirement
for vitamin C, and bowel-tolerance limit, will increase upon exposure to
conditions that effect the immune system, such as infectious disease, injury,
cigarette smoke, mental and physical stress. This makes it very difficult for
one to determine when and how much to increase one's intake of vitamin C. Ascorbic acid and ascorbate forms of
vitamin C are water soluble and are not stored in the body. Any excess over
requirements is eliminated, mostly through the bladder where it destroys the
carcinogens that cause bladder cancer.17 The amount of vitamin C
required varies from person to person by a factor of 20 to 100. Therefore it is
impossible to specify a fixed amount that is correct for everybody. See
ascorbyl palmitate.
D
400 IU 2 a day max
Needed for absorption of
calcium and phosphorus. Amount required increases with age and a shortage is a
link to osteoporosis. Vitamin D enhances the immune system, aids cell growth
and maturation, inhibits cancer cell growth, inhibits the oncogene c-myc,
decreases the risk of colon cancer.20 A daily input of 100,000 to
150,000 IU can be tolerated by a healthy adult.25 However there is
no known need to much exceed 800 IU per day. Excess reported to cause calcium
deposits, kidney stones and may interfere with magnesium absorption.27
DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID (DHA)
Precursor to ascorbic acid. Antioxidant. Can cross the blood-brain barrier. Might help stroke victims. Drs. Agus, Golde, et al 12-1-97 Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Jrn of Clinical Investigation .
"Dehydroascorbic acid, a blood-brain barrier transportable form of vitamin C, mediates potent cerebroprotection in experimental stroke." Drs. Huang, Agus, et al 9-25-01 Department of Neurological Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001 Sep 25
E
400 IU 2 or 3 a day
Antioxidant, anti-aging,
vasodilator, and chelator. Synergistic with selenium and vitamin A. Fat
soluble, found in all body tissues. Increases oxygen carrying capacity of the
blood. Helps prevent muscle damage resulting from vigorous exercise. Value in
the control of epilepsy seizure has been reported. Prevents and dissolves blood
clots. Raises HDL/LDL ratio. Tests confirmed value for immunity, prevention of
arthritis, cataracts, macular degeneration, fat accumulation in retina, and
cancer. Cystic mastitis responds only to natural vitamin E.20
Blocks conversion of nitrates and nitrites to nitrosamines. Applied externally
to aid healing of burns. Destroyed by chlorinated water.
Natural E complex
containing alpha, beta, delta and gamma tocopherols is available at health food
stores. The gamma form may be more protective against heart disease.27
"Only the gamma form
eliminates peroxynitrite, a highly destructive nitric oxide found at sites of
inflammation. Peroxynitrite can start processes leading to cancer, MS and heart
disease. Because alpha tocopherol supplementation suppress gamma tocopherol, a
combination of the two that better reflects the ratio found in our diet may be
more useful as a supplement than the formulations of vitamin E currently
available. Gamma tocopherol is the principal form of vitamin E in the United
States diet." Christen, S. et al, U.C. Berkeley, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., Apr,
1997. No known toxicity.
FOLIC ACID 800 mcg a day + ?
Folate deficiencies are
common in infants and is crucial in fetal development in the first weeks of
pregnancy.
"Folic acid reduces risks
of neural tube defects in unborn babies, including spina bifida (incomplete
closure of the spinal column) and the absence of all or part of the brain and
skull." Jacob Selhub, senior scientist and professor at the Jean Mayer USDA
Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University in Boston. (USA
Today:10-26-98)
Reported to reduce neural
tube birth defects by about 70 percent. (Science News:3-30-96).
Reported to reduce heart
attacks and strokes by: "15 to 20 percent", Dr. J. Selhub, (New England
Journal of Medicine:2-95), or by: "30 to 40 percent", Dr. J. Hall, Univ. of
British Columbia.
"1 to 5 mg per day
required to control homocysteine (HCY) levels in some people." (Harvard School
of Medicine Research Lab:1995).
Folic acid has been shown
to reduce HCY levels but vitamin B-6 and B-12 are also required. HCY interferes
with vitamin C's attempt to repair artery walls, creates blood clots, and
generates free radicals which oxidize LDL cholesterol allowing it to clog
arteries.
"10 mg per day along with
500 mcg of B-12 reversed precancerous lesions in lungs induced by smoking, and
reversed precancerous lesions of the cervix." C. Butterworth, MD (The Medical
Post:12-23-86).
Folic acid deficiency
causes cell changes that lead to cervical cancer. Several studies have also
shown an inverse relationship between levels of beta carotene, vitamins C,
vitamin E and cervical cancer.
Needed for utilization of
sugar and amino acids, division of body cells, memory, and production of RNA and
DNA, protein metabolism, red blood cells and may help prevent cataracts.
There appears to be a
link between high HCY levels and osteoporosis. HCY levels are much greater in
post menstrual than in premenopausal women. It has been reported that there is
an increased requirement for folic acid after menopause. This requirement is
much greater than the recommended dietary allowance. Cooking destroys some of
the folate in food. Also destroyed by alcohol, aspirin, estrogen and oral
contraceptives. Sources are dark green leafy vegetables, carrots, torula yeast,
liver, egg yolk, cantaloupe, apricots, pumpkins, avocados, beans, whole wheat
and dark rye flour. No known toxicity. See L-methionine, coffee, and inositol.
INOSITOL 250 mg a day + ?
Prevented neural tube
birth defects in lab animals that were susceptible to developing folate-resistant
neural tube defects. (Sci. News 1-11-97). Lowers cholesterol, atherosclerosis,
aids diabetics, helps with stress, hair growth, eczema, constipation, insomnia,
and those taking antibiotics. Enhances effect of vitamin E. It is used by
brain cells and is a chelator. Sources are lima beans, liver, wheat germ, brown
rice, molasses, peanuts, cabbage, raisins, cantaloupe, grapefruit and lecithin.
Coffee destroys inositol. No known toxicity.
K
50 to 100 mcg a day (see note 9)
A small study has shown
that patients with osteoporosis had vitamin K levels that were only 35 percent
that of age-matched controls. Vitamin K supplementation reduced urinary
excretion of calcium,6 accelerated healing of fractures in animals
and may enhance the immune system. Antibiotics destroy vitamin K producing
bacteria in the intestine. Sources are green leafy vegetables, egg yolk,
soybean oil, safflower oil. Requirement increases with age due to decreased
absorption. Dosage greater than 500 mcg per day not recommended. Bile fats
required for absorption. No reported toxicity.
P
BIOFLAVONOIDS 1000 mg a day
Antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory. Reduces capillary permeability. Not a true vitamin, no
deficiency state has been established. Bioflavonoids consists of over 4000
different compounds. They increase the capillary (small blood vessel) strength
and reduces bruising.27 Rutin has been used to treat bleeding gums.
May enhance the function and absorption of vitamin C, prevent heart disease,
cancer, and has antiviral activity. Used in the treatment of allergies and
asthma. Sources are the white skin and segment part of citrus fruits, red and
yellow onions, apples, blackberries, cherries, apricots, red wine, green tea
polyphenols and buckwheat. See proanthocyanidine and quercetin.
PABA 100 mg 2 a day
Para-aminobenzoic acid.
Required for normal skin and hair growth and color. A metabolite of procaine
(see DMAE). Sources are liver, brewer's yeast, whole grains, rice, bran, wheat
germ, and molasses. No known toxic effects but long term high usage not
recommended.
T
Helps in blood
coagulation and the forming of platelets. Sources are sesame seeds and egg
yolks.
U
Plays a role in the
healing of ulcers. Source is raw cabbage or cabbage juice. No known toxicity.
NOTES
1. Linoleic acid found
in polyunsaturated vegetable oils and diets high in omega-6 fatty acids reported
to suppress immune response. Elimination of partially hydrogenated oils, fats,
fried food, and certain polyunsaturated cooking oils from diet is recommended.
2. Zinc, copper, and
manganese may create free radicals if taken with ascorbic acid. However, from
reference 16, "The inactivation of the virus occurs only in the presence of free
oxygen, as well as ascorbate, and is blocked by scavengers of free
radicals.....Also the rate of inactivation is increased by even very small
concentrations of copper ions. These facts indicate that ascorbic acid reduces
the oxygen molecules to an odd-electron molecule (free radical), probably
hydrogen superoxide, HO2 then attacks the nucleic acid of the
virus." Another report claimed there may be an anti cancer effect from the
oxidation of copper by ascorbic acid. Some free radicals may serve a useful
purpose.
3. Dosage greater than
10000 IU per day of vitamin A during the first 7 weeks after conception caused
birth defects. Women who are at risk of becoming pregnant should keep their
supplemental vitamin A intake below 5000 I.U. or better yet, take carotenes.27
100,000 IU per day can be tolerated by adults with no serious side effects but
children who ingest 50,000 IU per day do show toxicity.25
4. This from a medical
journal on oral contraceptives: "Levels of pyridoxine, folic acid, and most
other B vitamins as well as ascorbic acid, calcium, manganese, and zinc, are
decreased while vitamin A levels are increased. These changes have no known
clinical significance and women taking oral contraceptives do not need vitamin
supplements." How about mineral supplements? Are they saying, "What we don't
know won't hurt you?"
5. There are nine
essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the body, and must be
present in the food that is ingested. They are threonine, valine, methionine,
lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, isoleucine and leucine.
6. Antioxidants
intercept free radicals before they damage cells. The mechanism for this as
reported by T.G. Truscott of Keele University in England may explain the results
of studies which show that beta carotene increases cancer in smokers. First
vitamin E restores free radicals to their harmless state but in the process
vitamin E becomes damaged. Beta Carotene then restores the vitamin E to its
original state but in the process it too is damaged. Vitamin C then repairs the
carotene radical and being water-soluble the vitamin C free radical is washed
out of the body. Since smoking destroys vitamin C most smokers would not have
enough of this vitamin to protect them from the carotene radical. (Science
News:2-15-97)
7. On cholesterol, a
report from the Netherlands claims that in people 85 years and older the risk of
dying during a 10-year study fell by 15 percent for each additional 39 mg/dl
increase in their cholesterol. Cholesterol readings ranged from less than 200
mg/dl (for 24%), 200 to 250 (48%) to over 250 for the remainder of the group.
(Science News 10-25-97)
8. Patients wearing
copper bracelets absorbed 13 milligrams of copper per month.
Absorption through the skin is more efficient
than dietary absorption
of copper and could explain their reduced arthritic pain.20 Blood
copper level should be monitored.
9.
Those taking blood thinners should not take vitamin K unless under the
supervision of a physician. See note 10 below
10. Always consult a
competent physician before using any of the nutrients listed herein. For
information on publications in the field of Smart Pills write to:
Cognitive
Enhancement Research Institute,
P.O. Box 4029,
Menlo Park, CA 94026.
For a list of those
specializing in use of nutritional supplements and new therapies write:
American College
of Advancement in Medicine
23121 Verdugo
Dr., Suite 204, Laguna Hills, CA 92653
(714) 583-7666
or search for ACAM on WWW and then use area code to find
one in your area. email acam@acam.org
REFERENCESES
1. The Merck Manual,
17th Edition, Merck Sharp & Dohme Res. Lab. 1999
2. Berger, S. M.D. How
To Be Your Own Nutritionist, W. Morrow, NY 1987
3. Giller, R. M.D.,
Matthews K., Medical Makeover, W. Morrow, NY, 1986
4. Mindell, E, R.Ph.,
Ph.D., Vitamin Bible, Warner Books, NY, 1985
5.* Earl Mindell's Herb
Bible, Simon and Shuster, New York, NY, 1992
6.* Earl Mindell's
Anti-Aging Bible, Simon and Shuster, NY, NY, 1996
7. Colgan, M., M.D.,
Your Personal Vit. Profile, Quill, New York 1982
8. Carper, J., The Food
Pharmacy, Bantam Books, New York, 1988
9. Pfeiffer, C., M.D., A
Physician's Guide to Health Care, 1975
Mental and Elemental Nutr., Keats Pub. Co., New Canaan, CT 1975
10. Weiner, M., Reducing
The Risk of Alzheimer's
Stein and Day Publishers, New York, 1987
11. Smith, L., M.D.,
Feed Your Kids Right, Dell Pub. Co., NY, 1984
12. Rinse, J., Ph.D.,
Delaying Aging With Nucleic Acids And Other
Biochemicals: A Survey Of Available Products
American Laboratory October 1982
13. Aero, R., Rick, S.
Vitamin Power, Harmony Books, New York, NY 1987
14. Steinman, D.,
Editor, Life Extenders And Memory Boosters
Health Quest Publications, Reno, NV 1993
15.* Science News
Magazine. (weekly publication)
16. Pauling, L., Ph.D.,
Vitamin C the Common Cold and the Flu,
W.H. Freeman and Co., San Fran., CA 1976
17.* Pauling, L., Ph.D.,
How To Live Longer And Feel Better,
Avon Books, NY 10019 1987
18.* Cheraskin, E.,MD.,
The Vitamin C Connection, Bantam Bks, NY 1984
19. Weast, R., Ph.D,
Editor, HB of Chemistry and Physics, 67th Ed.
CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL 1986
20.* Passwater, R.A.,
Ph.D., The New Supernutrition
Pocket Books, NY 1991
21. Matzen, R.N.,MD.,
Lang, R.S.,MD, Clinical Preventive Medicine
Mosby-Year Book,Inc., St. Louis, MO 1993
22.* Mann, J. A., Fowkes,
S. W., Wipe Out Herpes With BHT
MegaHealth Society, P.O. Box 1684
Manhattan Beach, CA 90266
23.* Brecher, H. & A.
Forty Something Forever, A Consumer's Guide To
Chelation Therapy and other Heart Savers
Healthsavers Press, Herndon. VA 20172 1997
24.* Pelton, R., R.Ph.,
Ph.D., Pelton, T., MA, Vint, V.C., M.D.
How to
Prevent Breast Cancer, Simon & Schuster, NY 1995
25.* Simone, C. B.,
M.D., Cancer & Nutri., Avery Publ. Group, NY 1994
26. Sahelian, R., M.D.,
DHEA: A Practical Guide, Avery Pub Gp NY 1994
27.* Murray, M. T.,
N.D., Encyclopedia of Nutritional Supplements
Pima Publishing, Rocklin, CA 95677 1996
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